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【地评线】秦平：坚定践行生态文明持续建设美丽中国******

　　近日，国家林草局、财政部、自然资源部、生态环境部联合印发了《国家公园空间布局方案》。《方案》确定了国家公园建设的发展目标、空间布局、创建设立、主要任务和实施保障等主要内容。相关负责人介绍，《国家公园空间布局方案》坚持生态保护第一、国家代表性、全民公益性的国家公园理念，实现自然生态系统的原真性、完整性保护，维护国家生态安全，为建设美丽中国和人与自然和谐共生的现代化筑牢生态根基。

　　生态文明深入人心，绿色发展蔚然成风。党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央以前所未有的力度抓生态文明建设，坚持“像保护眼睛一样保护生态环境，像对待生命一样对待生态环境”，从思想、法律、体制、组织、作风上全面发力，全方位、全地域、全过程加强生态环境保护，开展了一系列根本性、开创性、长远性工作，决心之大、力度之大、成效之大前所未有。经过不懈努力，全党全国推动绿色发展的自觉性和主动性显著增强，美丽中国建设迈出重大步伐，我国生态环境保护发生历史性、转折性、全局性变化。

　　生态兴则文明兴，生态衰则文明衰。数据显示，2012年至2021年，我国以年均3%的能源消费增速支撑了年均6.6%的经济增长，二氧化碳排放强度下降了34.4%，是全球能耗强度降低最快的国家之一。不仅如此，我国水电、风电、太阳能发电、生物质发电装机和新能源汽车产销量均居世界第一。我国的绿色发展实践有力表明，生态环境保护和经济发展是辩证统一、相辅相成的。我们要充分发挥生态环境保护的引领、优化和倒逼作用，加快推动产业结构调整优化，推动形成绿色低碳的生产方式和生活方式，提升经济发展的“含金量”“含绿量”，降低“含碳量”，持续提升绿色可持续发展的坚实根基。

　　良好生态环境是最公平的公共产品，是最普惠的民生福祉。空气更清新了、蓝天更多了、河水更清了、绿色公园随处可见……近年来，我国始终坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，集中攻克老百姓身边的突出生态环境问题，提供更多优质生态产品，让人民群众在绿水青山中共享自然之美、生命之美、生活之美。随着我国社会主要矛盾发生变化，尤其是全面建成小康社会后，人民群众对优美生态环境的期望值更高。必须积极顺应人民群众对美好环境的需求，让人们的生活在天更蓝、山更绿、水更清、环境更优美的优良生态环境中。

　　建设生态文明，关系人民福祉，关乎民族未来。党的二十大报告围绕推动绿色发展，促进人与自然和谐共生，对新时代新征程生态文明建设作出重大决策部署。我们要深入学习贯彻习近平生态文明思想，胸怀“国之大者”，牢固树立绿水青山就是金山银山的理念，统筹产业结构调整、污染治理、生态保护、应对气候变化，协同推进降碳、减污、扩绿、增长，努力建设人与自然和谐共生的美丽中国，为子孙后代留下美丽家园，为中华民族赢得美好未来。（秦平）

中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）